New Framework Uses Satellite Data and AI to Measure Typhoon Impact on Vegetation

Scientists from Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School and Boston University have unveiled a pioneering framework that utilizes satellite observations and machine learning to quantify the effects of typhoons on vegetation canopy structure and photosynthesis. Published in the Journal of Remote Sensing, this research marks a significant advancement over traditional methods by accurately distinguishing typhoon-induced damage from natural vegetation cycles and environmental changes.

The study focused on three super typhoons—Nida, Hato, and Mangkhut—in the Greater Bay Area, employing random forest models to simulate vegetation conditions in the absence of typhoons. This approach allowed for a precise comparison between simulated and observed leaf area index (LAI) data, revealing the true extent of damage. Typhoon Nida affected 76.58% of vegetated areas, Hato 61.25%, and Mangkhut 89.67%, with cumulative photosynthetic losses amounting to 0.36 Tg C, 0.22 Tg C, and 0.50 Tg C, respectively.

This research is particularly relevant as coastal vegetation ecosystems are vital for global carbon sequestration and biodiversity. With climate change expected to alter typhoon patterns, the ability to accurately assess their impact on vegetation is crucial for developing effective post-disaster management and ecosystem restoration strategies. The study's multidimensional approach, which evaluates both structural damage and functional recovery, provides a comprehensive understanding of how extreme weather events affect plant life.

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program, this study underscores the importance of interdisciplinary research in tackling complex environmental challenges. The framework's ability to separate typhoon effects from other variables offers a new tool for scientists and policymakers alike, paving the way for more informed decisions in environmental conservation and disaster response.